Rabbin Daniel Rowes le 15 mars 2026

 


Transcription


Chapitre 1 : Introduction: Shabbos Kestenbaum Flips the Script

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Hi everyone and welcome to a special episode of Real Talk with Rabbi Row.

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Usually that's me interviewing guests and today I was so excited to bring on the one and only Shabus Kaman, but he's actually asked that we flip the script

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and he had a bunch of questions he wants to ask me. So this will probably be more Shabas interviewing me than me interviewing Shabas. But I'm just very very privileged and honored that you are with us.

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The honor is all mine. I'm really looking forward to the conversation.

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[music]

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For anybody who's uh I don't know where you've been living if you don't know Shabas Castau but he became famous as a student in Harvard who experienced firsthand intense anti-semitism in the

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university doing nothing about it and took the courageous step of taking Harvard to court and has since then become not only a very strong

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spokesperson for the American conservative movement but also as a very proud Jew and a proud Zionist as well. I was recently at a very watched White

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House hearings on anti-semitism and generally speaking is just a very wonderful person and just if you know him offscreen off camera he's just such

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such a great guy and it's just really amazing to have Shabas with with me and and hopefully I'll be able to answer some of your questions. Uh if you do like this content please do remember to

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like to subscribe and to click on the notification button so that you get notified as content comes through. So, Rabbi, there's a lot I want to get into,

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but I first want to set the scene. If I'm a Christian and I'm opening up the Hebrew Bible, there really is a discrepancy between what God is telling

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the Israelites and then what Jews are practically doing as it pertains to their religious rituals on a daily basis. So, you will not find any type of

Chapitre 2 : Why Jewish Practice Goes Beyond the Hebrew Bible

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commandment referring to a yamaka. You will not find a commandment about making blessings on food before you partake in them. So just help me and help the

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audience understand why do Jews practice the things they do, especially when taken into a fact that if you're reading the Hebrew Bible, you wouldn't know to do those things.

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It's a good question, but can I somewhat dispute the premise, please? Um, so I think if you're looking at the Hebrew Bible alone, right, and you look at

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Jewish practice, we rest on the seventh day, right? We don't do work on the seventh day. Now, we may do we may have more details around that than explicitly prescribed in the in the Hebrew Bible,

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but that's what we do. We keep all the dietary laws of Leviticus, all the lists of animals you can't eat, we don't eat,

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right? All the um the laws of of not putting wool and linen in your garment,

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we keep that. The the laws of of wearing the the messages of the shama, the of the oneness of God on our heads, we do that. Now, you might say, "Okay, but the details aren't explicit in the Torah."

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But the the biblical law from cover to cover, we do. Yes, we don't have a temple. Nowadays, we don't have the court system nowadays. So, we study it

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instead. But every um or not every Orthodox Jew, but lots of Orthodox Jews can tell you exactly how the temple looked, exactly what went on there. We are completely in harmony with the

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biblical text. When we want to study why bad things happen to good people, we look in the book of Eio of Job. When we want to understand how to get out of dark thoughts and depression, we go to

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the book of Cohelis, Ecclesiastes. We live this stuff. So, it's not accurate to say we don't live the Hebrew Bible.

Chapitre 3 : What Is the Talmud, Really? (And Where Does It Come From?)

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Now what you're alluding to is but in addition to the Hebrew Bible we have the whole Talmudic corpus of multiolumed works which get a lot of attention

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online which are the question of how do we translate the word of the Bible don't do malika on Shabbat don't do work on Shabbat what does that mean what how

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does that work in practical details what happens if you're a weaver and a shoemaker and this that yeah that we do in addition and then we have customs that have evolved like this this is not

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a biblical law to wear and if a person wants to keep the full biblical law they don't have to it's it's a nice custom that we've developed So, I do want to get into the Telmouth, but just before I

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do, just so I understand, when we talk about the Torah, we're not simply referring to Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,

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Deuteronomy, Numbers. Like, we're referring to this this corpus of Jewish law that was given to Moses on Mount Si.

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That certainly includes the five books of Moses. It certainly includes the Nave and the prophets. It certainly includes the Kuim, the later writings. But you're making the argument just by understand

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it doesn't end there. There's this conversation that the rabbis pick up when the Hebrew Bible ends. And that is what the Gomorrah or the Talmud is. Is that a fair characterization?

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Fair characterization. But people, both Orthodox Jews and non-Jews, actually get a point wrong. They assume that what we believe is the entire Talmud was

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transmitted to Moses at Sinai, which obviously can't be because it's basically arguments to specific rabbis over several centuries. Um, so that's a mistake. What we call the oral Torah,

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which or the Talmud is really three different things. A minority is the laws given to Moses at Sinai. And that by the way shouldn't be controversial. When

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Moses when the Torah says don't do on Shabbat, that word needs a definition.

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What does it mean don't do create? It's is it the word for work? It's not the only word for work. What's included and not included in that? When the Torah says you should wear toos, what are

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tophos? So even a secular scholar needs to agree that in addition to the physical text of the Bible, there was a clearly an extra an extra knowledge base

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that people had. Whether it's cuz Moses said so or if they were secular say it was already being practiced before the texts are written or whatever. There's clearly some extra material, but that's

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only a minority of of the Talmudic and and other law.

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So So you're saying it's essentially a hundred year plus argument or discussion or debate with these different rabbis.

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But I guess let's just address the elephant in the room then as someone or both of us who are terminally online too much online than we should be. It it

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does seem to suggest and again please educate me and correct me where I'm wrong that there is a rabbitic position that Jesus Christ is burning in his own

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excrement in hell right now. Where am I wrong or where are those who are online where are we wrong in simply just quoting the Talmud that clearly suggests

Chapitre 4 : Is Jesus in the Talmud? The "Burning in Hell" Claim Debunked

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that there's this guy Yeshu who is in his own excrement. Well, I haven't actually fully explained what half it is, but we can come back to that because it's actually does derive from

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Deuteronomy chapter 17. Um, which I'll get to if we'll come back to, but let you want to get straight to this point.

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This is a big issue, right? People today like, oh, it says Jesus burning excrement. It doesn't say Jesus says Yeshua, right? And Yeshu is similar to

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the name Jesus, which is Yeshua. And people assume it must be Jesus for several reasons. One is surely Jesus would be talked about somewhere in the

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Talmud. He's such a big person. Second of all, the names are similar. also calls him hanatsi and later on Natsri

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actually became a term for Christians so there's lots of links what did it mean in its intent then Nazarene okay not actually Nazareth if it meant

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Nazareth which there would be natsari because Hebrew Nazareth and natsarat right so it's naz Nazarene now but why

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is it not Jesus for many many reasons the simplest is that he lives 100 years before Jesus how do we know because the talmud in sot the talmud you're quoting

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is gin 57 the talmud in sto 47 7 tells us the whole backstory. He was a student of Rabbi Yoshua Ben Paraka who was one

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of two leading rabbis 100 years before Jesus lived who was um had to flee the country under the Hasminian persecutions of of King Alexander Yani which we also

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know that was about 90 before the year zero. And there he has this student called Yeshu who he gives a a telling

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off to cuz he thinks he was talking inappropriately about a woman and that he that Yeshua wanted to come back and repent and Rabishu was praying and he

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thought he was not. It's a whole story and in the end Yeshu rebelled and became not only an acromancer he became an idol worshipper which doesn't remotely

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cohhere with the story of Jesus. Now why is he called a Nazarene? We know that from Epiphanius who's a who's an early Christian writer who tells about different heretical sects and refers to

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a Nazarene group that existed before Christianity. By the way, in the New Testament in the book of Acts, the anti-

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Paul people, Jews were accusing him of being a Nazarene and he says, "No, I'm part of the way." So, and later on the Nazarines adopt Christianity, but they

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reject Paul. And there's a whole and then eventually eventually eventually by the third century they become the the Jews refer to Christians as Nazarines.

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But the is it now this is something your audience needs to understand. The Talmudic literature is divided into two eras. There's a there's a first century

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literature or early second century literature called the Bryes and Mishna which are the very very early redactions and then there's like fifth century kind

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of thing much later the redaction of the Talmud. All the first century literature never ever ever discusses Christians.

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All the Yeshu is in the first century.

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So it's predisussion of Christians. Now why were Christians not discussed? for a simple reason. The Jewish, the Christians living amongst the Jews were Jews. They observed the Torah law. You

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see it in the New Testament. They went to the temple while the temple was standing. They observed the Torah law.

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They just believed their leader had been a messiah, which lots of Jewish groups did. You see it from Josephus. Just they believed this group believed their Messiah was still going to come back.

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Even though he died, was going to come back a second time. But to all intents and purposes, they were Jews. Nobody felt a need to talk about them. The early Tamic literature talks about

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Sadducees, right? It talks about Pharisees and Sadducees, Zealots, um, all sorts of other groups, Cuththeians,

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Samaritans, because they were major rebels against the basic law. All the groups that believed they had a Messiah,

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living or dead, were just at that time regular Jews. So, they were never discussed. So, Yeshu was apparently 100 years before Jesus, part of this

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Nazarene sect that was at some point idolatrous. He has five disciples, not 12. He's actually put to death by the Sanhedrin which Jesus wasn't in any

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gospel literature and couldn't have been because the Sanhedrin couldn't use death penalties in the days of Jesus because the Romans had basically shut it down.

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It was actually a completely corrupt institution by the time of the Romans.

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It had political appointees. It couldn't function which is why the Talmud came to be written because you couldn't trust the Sanjan anymore. The rabbis who would

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have been proper senators and scholars had to keep their traditions. They could never be voted on right. They couldn't follow the laws of Deuteronomy which is the elders have to come together and

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vote on things because they didn't trust the senator body. So there's nothing about this Yu that that's Jesus. What happens is centuries later the Jews look back and go but there must be Jesus.

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They're now living under persecution under Christians. They go, "Oh, that guy is Jesus." Right? And then the Christians hear about then go, "Oh,

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remove him from the Talmud." But the all the medieval rabbis who studied the text and studied the gospel and said, "No,

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no, no. This is clearly a different person lived 100 years earlier." And I think just historically to go on a tangent just for a moment, but it's interesting because Jews and early

Chapitre 5 : Early Christians Were Jews — So Why Can't Jews Follow Jesus Today?

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Christians, if that may not be the right terminology though, but these two groups of people, they faced a common enemy, a common persecution that was the Roman

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authorities. It was not Jews who were persecuting Jesus himself. I do want to ask though because there's so much to unpack, but just from a theological standpoint, Josephus talks about it and you Rabbi Rose speak about it.

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Historically, it's true the earliest followers of Jesus were all Jews. Jesus himself of course is Jewish. So in the 21st century, if I'm born Jewish, but I

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really appreciate Jewish history, I'll say, "Well, there's a strong historical record of Jews following and worshiping Jesus, why can't I?" So from a Jewish

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perspective, what's theologically problematic about a Jewish person today who has been handed a Jews for Jesus pamphlet on on the way to work? And he says, "You know what? There's actually a

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strong historical record of Jews doing this anyway. Why why shouldn't I look into this?"

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So there's different different claims that early followers of Jesus had. The first was that he's a messiah. But that was the most benign because the fact

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that somebody may have come into the world who's going to eventually be a messiah has died and is going to come back. Remember what is a messiah to us.

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So it's all the prophecies of of Isaiah chapter 11 chapter 2 all over Tanakh the whole nations of the world coming together to Jerusalem to the mountain of

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the Lord to serve God together. Nation shall not lift up sword against nation on shall they learn any more war.

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Clearly hasn't happened. So the early followers of Jesus said yeah there's going to be a second coming. The Messiah will do the messianic bits. He will be officially the Messiah means anointed.

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He'll be officially anointed king of Israel by the elders of Israel and the priests of Israel. That process will happen fully the second time he comes.

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So they want to identify him through biblical texts and say this is the guy who will be the Messiah. He's come into the world, died, is coming back again.

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The early followers said that and most Jews were like we don't think that's true. But who cares? If he comes out the grave and becomes our Messiah, builds the temple, brings brings all to the

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Torah, brings all the nations of the world to serve God, fantastic. That's not an issue. What became more of an issue is when you started to get a theology of abrogation of Torah

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which again depends which Christian groups you'll ask Paul was certain seems to have been pushing that right we know that the early followers of Jesus in

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Jerusalem according to the New Testament are saying that Jews still have to keep the law but Gentiles can join the people

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of Israel without keeping the law which is exactly what we say that's called we call that the Noahide law right in other words the the principles of ethical

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monotheism attach you to Israel on some level Right? As a non-Jew, you don't need to keep the Torah. You keep you attached to Israel by keeping the law.

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You become part of of um a relationship with God as a as a good non-Jew. And Jews have to keep the Torah. Then came the point when the message started being

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no, the Torah is now abregated. It's finished because of the death of Jesus.

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Jewish Christians didn't adopt that position for a very long time.

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Okay. Again, there's a lot to unpack there. When we talk about Jesus as a messiah, please correct me if I'm wrong,

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but Judaism at the time of Roman rule was the only religion that had messianic expectations. So when we say could someone come back, yeah, possibly. What

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is our approach when it comes to a messiah? What does a messiah actually have to do practically?

Chapitre 6 : What Does Judaism Actually Require of the Messiah?

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For us, for us, a messiah is to fulfill the prophecies of Isaiah. For us, the key to the Messiah is not their political power and position. For us,

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the key to the Messiah is the messianic era. The prophets talk much much more about the era than they do about the individual. The era has to be an era

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where the world has peace, where all of mankind comes together in one as distinct nations with distinct um you know gifts they can give to one another

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but serving the same God. And you could argue to some degree that the world is closer to that than it was 2,000 years

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ago for sure. Right? Christianity certainly spread lots of uh ethical monarchism to the world. Islam has spread lots of ethical monotheism, but the full fulfillment not even close.

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Nation will not lift up sword against nation on shall they learn any more war. We're nowhere near that. So again, just to just so I understand,

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are you suggesting that those things have to happen first? Nation shall not lift up sword and then the Messiah comes or the Messiah comes and does those things afterward?

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The the Messiah comes and does those things, but they're not called the full Messiah till they've done those things from our perspective. Okay, let's shift

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the conversation just for a moment because again, as two terminally online individuals, most of the audience we're interacting with are Christians who have a lot of questions on the Hebrew Bible.

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I spend a lot of time working with the evangelical community in the United States. And there's this misconception in Judaism, oh, they only like us, so we go to Israel, there's rapture, and we're all damned to hell. When in reality,

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more often than not, I am told Genesis 12:3, Genesis 123, Genesis 123, that those who bless Israel will be blessed.

Chapitre 7 : Genesis 12 & "Those Who Bless Israel Will Be Blessed" Explained

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And the obvious question, especially those on the far right, who I would say are nefarious actors, I don't think they're asking this with good intentions. I think it's more positing a theory, but I digress. They'll say, "Oh,

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so you're saying 1948, the political state of Israel is a fruition of God's biblical covenant with Abraham." So, as the rabbi, how are we as Jews meant to

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understand Genesis 12:3, God telling Abraham that those who bless you, I will bless and those who curse you, I will curse?

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Yeah. So, first of all, I would say it's not our business to tell Christians how to think about Christianity. There are strong debates within Christianity. I agree with you. I think evangelical

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Christians and other Christians of many most of them are very very sincere in their love of Israel, love of the Jewish

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people. Um but you have lots of allies of Israel and the Jewish people who don't have the same theological viewpoint. Right? The ca the Catholic

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world generally speaking won't look at the text the way certain evangelical Protestants will. that they'll claim some form of replacement or something,

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but they could still be very ardent supporters of Israel and very very um strong supporters of Jews having the same right as everybody else, especially

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since Nostraat um when the Vatican affirmed that explicitly and so on. So, okay, but leave that aside. Bless those who bless

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you because it's clearly referring to Israel. People say it isn't, but it is. It's affirmed many, many, many times.

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The classical story is in in the book of Numbers with the prophet Bam from the nations of the world who tries to curse and says, "I can't curse them because they're blessed." and [snorts] affirmed all the way through through the biblical

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text. Again, Christians may argue that's now been transferred. I'm not going to get into that theological discussion.

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But the key to bless those who bless you, those who curse you, I will curse you. There was that famous little uh clip between Ted Cruz and Tucker Carlson. And Tucker goes, "What you mean

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the government of Israel?" And and you know, of course, he caught Ted Cruz in the moment, but Ted would have said,

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they were talking the time by Iran. I think Ted Cruz's right response would have been no the nation of Israel, but the Iranians are not planning to get a nuclear bomb to change the government of [laughter] Israel. They're not aiming a

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nuclear bomb at Israel so Netanyahu will be replaced by somebody else. They want to destroy the nation of Israel. Okay.

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But um but yeah, the nation of Israel is never judged by its political leader,

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right? All the way through the Bible and Akov was the king of the northern kingdom and lots of bad rotten political leaders. There's the nation, there's

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there's the leaders. But the key to that verse actually is the end of the verse.

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And this what people I think is a big root of anti-semitism is the end of the verse in a positive way. I know it sounds crazy. The end of the verse is

Chapitre 8 : The Real Meaning of "Chosen People" — It's Not What You Think

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through you will be blessed all families of earth. The charge to Abraham which is then given to Isaac in a slightly different way after the binding of

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Isaac. Uh the verse there says through your seed. The people like oh it's not the seed of Israel. No it says

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black and white the seed. Through your seed will be blessed every nation on earth. And then Jacob is given the blessing similar to Abraham,

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right? Through you will be blessed, all families of earth through your seed. Our mission, people get mixed up. You think you're chosen. We do not think that we have some kind of special privileged

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God's pets in the world to be treated nicely. We do not think we get to look down upon anybody. On the contrary, Abraham's mission, Isaac's mission,

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Jacob's mission is through you will be blessed all families of earth. Through you keeping the Torah and you living up to it, eventually the world will come to monotheism. Eventually the world will

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come to these ideas and eventually the world will be blessed and that's really how we have to see ourselves and our responsibility. And by the way

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subconsciously I think lots of anti-C might see that too cuz think what they say all the problems of the world are the Jewish people's fault. Now consciously they then say it must be

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conspiracies you have secret groups you know I always say like Trump's re-election campaign not he's not whoever stands in his seats get one

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second uh the economy now's booming at four or 5% growth you know you got you got unemployment falling you got low inflation we should well if there's

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these Jews running it we should be grateful to them you know but what they're saying is I think in the subconscious if you you are responsible for all the problems of the world because that's what God said you're

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meant to be the source of blessing and I think what we have to turn that around does is say whether we like or not,

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we're not going to get treated the same as everyone else. Whether we like it or not, the United Nations, whether there's a war or not, will always make twothirds of the resolution anti-Jew, anti-Israel,

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which is the Jewish collective nowadays.

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So, let's take that responsibility seriously. Don't try and build a secular Israel that's just like every other nation, cuz no one's going to treat us that way. Take responsibility through

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you'll be blessed, all families of Earth. Any digress. That's a point that Charlie Kirk would always say that when Jews tried to defend Israel by saying,

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"Well, we're just like any other country." Charlie would be the first one to say, "No, you're not like every other country. You're a country where the the the book of the Bible comes to life. You

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You can't dig more than 5t without uncovering some ruins of some temple thousands of years ago. And you should own what makes you unique." And this sort of reminds me of a line it might

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have been from Golden Ear that the world will respect Israel when Israel respects Israel. But I digress. Um, you mentioned anti-semitism. So, let's go there.

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I want to play devil's advocate for a moment. So you talk about choseness not being better, but then why does the Torah refer to goyan in a lesser term?

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Just in case people are are watching the Nick Fuentes is you and I might be saying this as choseness doesn't mean better. But come on, do we really believe that? Because if we really do

Chapitre 9 : Does the Torah Look Down on Non-Jews? The Truth About "Goyim"

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believe that, where does this go ideology come from?

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Okay, good question. So I would say a few things. First of all, forget what you and I believe. What does the Torah itself say? That's the only thing that matters. If Jews fall short of the

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Torah's ideal, then that's upon us to rise to it. The Torah's ideal is very,

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very clear. God cares about all nations of earth. I just quoted to you the verses that say it black and white. You can see many other times. Look at the whole book of of uh of Yona, Jonah,

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right? Which is a prophet of Israel is sent to one of the enemies of Israel,

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Ninve, to make them repent, not to become Jewish.

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20 minutes et 12 secondes

And God says to him at the end, he's upset because he knows these are like these are the enemies of Israel. They should be being punished. And God makes him plant a tree and then he gets destroyed and he says that hurt you,

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right? This is my creations. These are my children. This is my humanity is what I created. You're meant to be there. I

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care about you cuz you're meant to be a light that shines to them. But my vision is every nation on earth. Why does Isaiah talk about the end of history being all the nations coming not to be

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20 minutes et 40 secondes

Jewish, coming to the holy mountain together to pray to God? Why does Safana Zephaniah say the same thing? That's God's vision for the world. So the Torah

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is extremely clear and our I want to come back to Tal at some point, but I do want to answer your question. The Talmud is really the fulfillment of the biblical idea that whenever you don't

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20 minutes et 56 secondes

know the law, you go to the judges of Israel. That's what it's meant to be.

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21 minutes

And the elders of Israel and they tell you the law. But the Talmud tells us the attitudes we're meant to have. And it's very clear of us ethics of the fathers,

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21 minutes et 7 secondes

right? That means the ethics of the the heads of that rabbitical assembly, the elders of Israel tell you,

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you're meant to look at every human being as beloved because they're in the image of God. Right? Okay. Now, what are we described as in the Torah? God says before he gives the the Torah to us in

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in Exodus chapter 19 and 20 leading into the actual ten commandments says that uh you will be for me a kingdom of priests, a holy nation.

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What are priests and holy people? In the ancient world, they were privileged classes. They owned the land. You have to respect them. In the Torah, they're

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not the privileged class. They don't own land. They're not allowed to own land.

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They're not allowed any political power or privilege. Their job is to bring elevate the rest of the nation. So,

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you're meant to be a nation whose job is not privilege. It's to elevate the rest of the world. That's how you're going to judge whether you're succeeding or failing. So, the Torah is very very

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clear what what we are. Now, the word goim in the Torah means nations. In fact, that word is kardosh a holy nation is actually calling us a You

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are correct and anti-semites are correct that there are Jews who use it disparagingly that that we have to hands up there definitely are right as there

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are um lots of people who use lots of words disparagingly about lots of groups right and and it's very possible in in in in the persecutions Jews underwent

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some people had a kind of counter push but I think most Jews don't use it disparagingly I was raised in an orthodox home where we were told my

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mother in fact wouldn't even let us use the word because some people use it disparagingly until it became very obvious that it just means you know nations of the world and that's all the

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word means. So do some people use it disparaging? Yeah. It's like some people is like is Christ as king anti-semitic?

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22 minutes et 47 secondes

No, it's not. Does some people use it that way? Yes. Right. So is an anti-

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22 minutes et 52 secondes

non-Jewish word? Absolutely not. Are there people who use that way? Yes.

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22 minutes et 55 secondes

Should we point out to Jews who use it wrongly that that that's not the right thing to do? Yes. We would hope Christians point out to people who use Christ as king in in an anti-semitic way

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23 minutes et 3 secondes

not to do it right. We should all learn to use these phrases in in the right way they're intended.

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23 minutes et 7 secondes

in the Torah and in Judaism and Jewish law, they're always intended to mean nations of the world,

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23 minutes et 12 secondes

which is an important distinction you're making. So, theologically, God is not using in a derogatory way or as a pjorative. Yet, sociologically,

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culturally, had there been Jews in the past who had used it? Possibly,

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probably. Yes. Um, but then most people when they use it mean in ordinary discourse just mean a gentile, somebody who's not Jewish.

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23 minutes et 30 secondes

It reminds me of a line from Relinberg, the founder of this Yeshiva Asia Torah,

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that Judaism is perfect. Jews by virtue of being humans, we're not always perfect. And yes, I agree. We we should always treat Jews, Christians, Muslims,

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anyone with the respect that they deserve as being a creation of the divine will. I we will go back to the Talmud, but let me just ask one last question in the few minutes we have left

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because I do want to push back on the whole choseness. I work at PragerU and it's predominantly Christians that I'm working with who are wonderful people and one of the things they don't really

Chapitre 10 : Why Don't Jews Proselytize? The Mormon Missionary Question

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23 minutes et 57 secondes

understand about our faith is if we believe that the religion we're practicing is truth. It's the it's the right way to live a life. Well, they

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would say why don't you have an obligation to tell us that as in I know in my personal life Mormon missionaries you know they've

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24 minutes et 13 secondes

tried converting me and I always tell them if you can make a convincing argument I'm happy to be converted but thus far it hasn't really worked. But I would often ask them, you know, you're

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24 minutes et 21 secondes

19, you're 20 years old, before you went to college, you're spending a year in Los Angeles talking to strangers about the Book of Mormon. Why? Why are you so

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24 minutes et 29 secondes

passionate? And they said, well, if someone had the cure to cancer, and they weren't telling people about it,

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24 minutes et 34 secondes

wouldn't you find that odd as well? We as Mormons believe that this book is the cure to all of the ailments in society,

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why you're depressed, why you're anxious, why you don't have a good relationship, and we feel so happy reading this book that we just have to tell you.

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Yeah. Why doesn't Judaism take that approach? Because we're obviously so we have so much uh beauty and depth and meaning in our books. We believe so

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strongly in it. Shouldn't we have an obligation to tell other people and try to procilitize and convert them? It's such a great question. On some level,

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the answer is we should, but not to the Torah, to the Noahide law. Meaning the Torah says this is what God wants from

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25 minutes et 10 secondes

humanity. He spells out to Noah. um he spells out through the whole book of Genesis really you know Sodom is punished because of their inhospity to

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strangers as well as other areas of the privy that's actually the primary one you can tell from the book of Genesis what God wants humanity to be how what standard he wants Egypt to hold up to

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what what he wants each nation to be like and that we in theory should be spreading to the world. He then says I want a group of you to take a much

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higher more difficult pathway because that will help shine a light that will help elevate other people in the world as well.

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25 minutes et 42 secondes

[snorts]

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25 minutes et 42 secondes

Now when Christianity and Islam spread and you you can argue I mean there are differences of opinion within Judaism what exactly the trinity is and what

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exactly and the truth is it's not that I as a Jew don't fully understand what Christians necessarily believe by because they hear different things from different Christian theologians.

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So the Christians watching this video tell us in the comments what you mean by trinity.

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Right. Right. So so they're definitely you know but let's assume like let's say of Yakov one of the greatest rabbis ever lived that Christianity fulfills the

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Noahide code. Let's assume that Islam fulfills the nohide code. The more they spread that fantastic and the more anyone who spreads ethical monotheism is

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a win for us. They are they are joining if you like you could even say they're joining the religion of the Torah but

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not its covenant that's unique to the Jewish people. Just like within Judaism you have a covenant for the children of Aaron or laws for the children of Aaron who will be priests in the temple.

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26 minutes et 33 secondes

Doesn't make them better than us but they get different laws to us. They have a different role and responsibility. And just like within any society, you sometimes will have, let's say, certain

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26 minutes et 41 secondes

soldiers in the military or certain people in the political, you expect to behave differently to other people,

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26 minutes et 45 secondes

right? Because that helps lift everybody else up. So, we would say that the spread of ethical monotheism is a win.

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26 minutes et 52 secondes

That is what the Torah wants to see happen. Now, are we meant to be should we be more active in teaching things?

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26 minutes et 58 secondes

There's always a risk to that, which is that you then start to the risk is you start to then spread it through force and so on. And that's what we never want to do. God's plan for us was that you'll

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keep it and others will be inspired by it and take the bat and run with it and start to spread it to the non-Jewish world, which you could argue has been a huge part of the last 2,000 years.

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Right. I I also want to point out though, and you reminded me of this, I never totally understood the term Jewish supremacy because white supremacy, for example, is an exclusionary movement.

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27 minutes et 24 secondes

So, I will never be admitted. My black friends will never be admitted because a white supremacist says by virtue of being white, we have to exclude

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27 minutes et 31 secondes

non-whites. the whole idea of Jewish supremacy, I think, just falls apart on on its face because anyone could be Jewish if they want. I mean, to your point, we don't go out of our way to convert, but we have converts. In fact,

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my step-grandmother is a convert to Judaism. So, if we're supremacist, then why do we allow people into the religion to begin with? Um, but [snorts] I digress. Let's get back to the Talmud,

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though. And, and with that, we'll close it.

Chapitre 11 : How to Responsibly Read the Talmud (And Why the Internet Fails)

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27 minutes et 52 secondes

What does the audience need to know about the Talmud? What are we getting wrong? Both in our online echo chambers,

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in our study of theology, what is the Talmud? and and why are there so many misconceptions about it?

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28 minutes et 4 secondes

Okay, first thing about the T that everyone needs to know is that it's not instead of the biblical law, it's a fulfillment of it. And that why? Because in Deuteronomy chapter 17, it says,

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28 minutes et 13 secondes

"What do you do?" If you're trying to really live the biblical law, anyone could try this yourself. Just take biblical texts and try yourself for a few days to live the law. You'll soon

28:20

28 minutes et 20 secondes

discover you'll just be jam-packed full of questions because there'll be a thousand gray areas that are not explicitly covered by the law. How do you do it? Right? What happens to this

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28 minutes et 28 secondes

animal that's not explicitly mentioned in the Torah? Is it kosher? Is it not? what's defined by the laws of Shabbat.

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28 minutes et 31 secondes

So the Torah tells you what to do when you don't know the law. In Deuteronomy, I said 17, it's like verses uh 8 to 11.

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If you don't know the law, you get up and go to the place where God will rest his name, which originally was the tabernacle in Shilo, eventually the temple in Jerusalem. You'll find the

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elders there. If it's priestly law, you speak to them. If it's the others, you speak to the judges of Israel. And that and those appoints the first body of judges, the 70 elders. And that ran all the time. If you didn't know the law,

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you went to them. how their ruling they were like both the Supreme Court with some legislative rights. The Torah says you follow what they law they teach you and the judgment they give you. So

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that's both the interpretation and the they have the right to make law that's biblically sanctioned and they are there all the way through the prophetic writings always every national decision is done in consultation with them.

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29 minutes et 13 secondes

They're the ones who tell Samuel your children can't run the state anymore. We're going to have to have a king. They're the ones who appoint David.

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They're always there. And they continued in the second temple. They took the Greek name Sanhedrin until it was corrupted by the Romans. And when they couldn't run the Sanadrin anymore, now

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you have the elders of Israel no longer able to come together and decide the law. And so we have centuries of their debates and so on. So this is the

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attempt to try to go to the elders of Israel when they can no longer operate in their assembly. That's what the Talmud is. Second thing people need to understand is when you hear a quote from

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the Talmud, the Talmud, someone when you hear somebody say, I read the Talmud and it says, you laugh. I've been studying Talmud since the age of 10.

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[clears throat] That's many, many decades. I still haven't yet finished it.

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Right? I've I'm I've submitted a PhD in the philosophy of mathematics. I'm a much bigger expert relative to experts of philosophy of mathematics in that

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than I am in Talmud relative to the biggest experts. It's a gigantic work.

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It's many many many volumes, very dense and complex material. To master it is very very difficult. That's why we spend most of our days in yeshiva studying so

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that we can now to apply the biblical law to every single situation in life.

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Third thing is if you hear somebody give a quote about the Talmud for almost no law can be decided by a oneliner in the Talmud. It's debates

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that run many many pages. I've seen anti-semmites quote something like saying Jews are allowed to steal from non-Jews, right? And they're only not

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allowed to be because of of of uh of uh sanctifying God's name. That is a rejected hypothesis. The Todd of say could it be this what it means? You

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know, we've got an ancient quote. We tried to decipher what it means. Could we suggest this? And the Talmud says,

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30 minutes et 44 secondes

could it mean that? And they're rejected. No way could you say that you could steal from an entreprene so so it's you have to know there's

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often pages of discussion you can look it up yourself but you have to know where the discussion begins where does it end often it's mitigated by a ruling somewhere completely different for example people will see online it says

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there's often a discussion about unfortunately there was a lot of abuse of children in the ancient world right there was especially in cultures where Jews lived and it discusses what happens

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if there was a sexual interaction at what age is even considered a sex act and what happens if they're a child What happens if they then convert to Judaism?

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31 minutes et 16 secondes

What happens? Oh, they're discussing relations with a three-year-old or a 9-year-old or a this or a that. So, it must mean they're endorsing it at the top in that discussion. It doesn't rule

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whether it's permitted or forbidden. You have to go to Kdition 41. And you see it's completely forbidden. No marital relations are ever allowed to the minor,

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31 minutes et 31 secondes

right? But you see people have done that. It's a very complex text full of lots of multigenerational discussions and there's an enormous amount of abuse

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31 minutes et 40 secondes

at online where going back already several centuries anti-semmites would cherrypick quotes or even misquot.

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Sometimes they'll misunderstand or try to sum up a discussion and just get it completely wrong. There's a very famous one that circulates every time you show people as a rabbi that's not what the

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31 minutes et 54 secondes

Talmud says. They say, "Ah, but the Tel says you're allowed to lie to non-Jews because it says in Libé David 37 that you're allowed to lie David doesn't

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32 minutes et 3 secondes

exist." I assume there must have been a book called Dra David. It turns out there's about 30 books called Dra David.

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32 minutes et 9 secondes

I know somebody went through all of them and never 37 and everything, but that's even if there is someone some there's no draic

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32 minutes et 16 secondes

work. It's not part of this, but Libé David 37 apparently allegedly says you're allowed to lie to non-Jews. I think that's completely fabricated. The actual ruling on it is in the Maralama.

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I think it's 49 where he says to misrepresent Torah is a is like a subcategory of serving idols. Wow.

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32 minutes et 33 secondes

Because you take the word of God and distort it. You can't do it to save a Jew's life. If some if if you were in a court and a non-Jewish judge, let's say in old days when they kill a Jew for

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32 minutes et 41 secondes

keeping the law says, "Does your law say X?" you are not allowed to pretend the law says something else because you're distorting the word of God or the elders that he set up to transmit the law. So,

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32 minutes et 51 secondes

but that's so yes. So, so to so to the audience out there, there's been it's it's it's always been the thing anti-semats have used to attack Jews because they can't attack the Bible because to Christians, the Bible's holy,

33:00

33 minutes

too. So, if they wanted to attack us, it would be attacking the Talmud. And because they know the average non-Jew will never be able to study the Talmud,

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33 minutes et 7 secondes

they can literally say anything and it will pass. So, you either get out of context quotes or just attempts to sum something up that are completely wrong.

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33 minutes et 14 secondes

I have a whole series of videos debunking a all this stuff, you know.

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33 minutes et 16 secondes

So, there's no uh Jewish version of the Islamic principle of tea. I think that's an important point to leave it off. I kind of lied. Um I have one last

Chapitre 12 : Is Biblical Prophecy Being Fulfilled in Israel Today?

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33 minutes et 25 secondes

question then I promise I'll shut up. We were talking about this earlier, but irrespective of one's attitudes towards the state of Israel, BB Netanyahu, the

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orchestration of the war in Gaza, it is very difficult, especially for someone like me who doesn't live in Israel and I come here as much as I can, but my life

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33 minutes et 39 secondes

is in the United States. When I come to Israel, it is so difficult to escape the obvious biblical prophecies that objectively speaking have have kind of

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33 minutes et 47 secondes

come true. It's hard when I pass a playground on the way to pray at the Western Wall to not think of the chapters in Zechariah of that the old uh

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will sit and watch the kids playing in the street. So my final question then I promise I'll stop talking is do you see biblical prophecy being fulfilled

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through Israel today? Do you see the the words of the Bible coming to life just in your daily experiences living in this land?

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34 minutes et 11 secondes

One million%. I'll tell you something like this. I say to my children when I when I bring them um there so we used to land in Mgorin airport and travel to

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Jerusalem I'd show them pictures of what this used to look like under mandate Palestine when it was a half a desert and now it's forest and show them the prophecies in Isaiah of of the way the

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land's going to become so fulfilled and I also said to them you know it's only four or five generations ago that religious Jews in Europe or North Africa

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or the Middle East were laughed at by assimilated Jews who would say you still believe all this ridiculous prophecy In the 1800s, the reform movement in

34:45

34 minutes et 45 secondes

Germany removed Jerusalem and Isaf from the prayer book because they said it's a joke. Of course, we're not literally going to ever come back there, right?

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34 minutes et 51 secondes

And it was these Jews who believed nevertheless it's going to somehow happen now been vindicated. Thousands of years of people praying every day to

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34 minutes et 59 secondes

Jerusalem asking God bring us back and here we are back. Right? Of course, we don't want to be in conflict with Palestinians. We want to find a way that we can have security then they can have

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35 minutes et 8 secondes

dignity and that's a thorn in our consciousness, right? As well as religious Jews. We don't want to be here fighting wars. We certainly have not got

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35 minutes et 15 secondes

it right as a Jewish people. We haven't fulfilled the final part of God's prophecy, the most important, which is that we become the blessing to the world. This becomes the place the world

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35 minutes et 23 secondes

wants to come from to learn and to heal collectively. We're not yet there. But are we massively further? I mean are prophecies that people put it this way.

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35 minutes et 33 secondes

If if our great-grandparents being marched out of Spain in 1492 or being marched into Ashitz in in in or anywhere they were kicked out of a country or

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being persecuted. You think what was on their lips if they could have been shown a vision of us in the land today being able to live free in the and in most of

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35 minutes et 50 secondes

the diaspora being able to practice Judaism freely but being back in the land back in Jerusalem able to study Judaism. They would have given anything

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35 minutes et 58 secondes

to see this. Do we still have more work to do? Absolutely. Is this the state God wants us to be in? No. Have we got to do

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36 minutes et 5 secondes

a lot of work? Absolutely. Right. Do we have enormous gratitude to the nations of the world that have helped and support us? Yes. Does it hurt us that we're fighting as so much the Muslim world hates us? Yes, it hurts. And yes,

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36 minutes et 16 secondes

it means we're not doing it right.

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But we're doing a lot right. And we got to get it better and we got to fulfill that dream. And we got to feel the weight of that responsibility. And by the way, I think it's okay if every nation feels this responsibility. I

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36 minutes et 26 secondes

don't think this supremacy. let everyone feel that you're responsible to make the world a better place.

Chapitre 13 : Closing Reflections: Gratitude, Responsibility & the Jewish Mission

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36 minutes et 30 secondes

Right. But that I think that's what God wants us to do. I think he's brought us back here to do it and I think we will do it. Amade that's a beautiful way to end off.

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36 minutes et 39 secondes

I was going to thank you for coming on my show, but I'm actually on your show and this is your studio. So I guess thank you for having me being allowed to ask you questions and for our audience.

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36 minutes et 47 secondes

We were we were talking right before we we went on um about some of the questions Rabbi Row was going to ask me and it occurred to me you are far more interesting and far more intelligent.

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So, thank you for allowing me the opportunity to ask you all my questions.

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I really appreciate it. And um this was filmed at Asia Torah, where I was very privileged uh to spend two years of my life uh studying the Hebrew Bible,

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37 minutes et 5 secondes

studying Tomic law, studying Jewish wisdom. And I hope whether you're a Jewish, Christian, Muslim, that you take your faith seriously, and you owe it to yourself. You owe it to the future family you want to start. You owe it to

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37 minutes et 14 secondes

the society you want to build to root yourself in biblical and religious text.

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So, Rabbi Ro, thank you so much. I appreciate it. Pleasure.

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Source : Rabbi Daniel Rowe